Paleotemperature reconstructions using speleothem fluid inclusion analyses from Hungary

The combined use of the stable isotope compositions speleothem carbonate and inclusion-hosted water presents great potential in paleotemperature reconstructions, due to various temperature-dependent fractionations detected cave systems their environment. This paper evaluates applicational possibilities hydrogen oxygen measurements its host calcite, three different approaches: i) direct determination calcite-water fractionation by measuring inclusion compositions, ii) calculation composition from data temperature inferred fractionation, iii) formation measured dependence modern precipitation water. Fluid as well calcite were determined for five occurrences Hungary. Although background processes are not resolved, calculations involving yielded unrealistic paleotemperatures, likely because syn-formation diagenetic alterations. may yield realistic temperatures, provided that long-term isotopic - relationships known waters study area is temperature-controlled. Winter half-year annual isotope-temperature (?2H/T gradients) calculated using multidecadal records Global Network Isotopes Precipitation (GNIP), gridded surface amounts E-OBS 21.0e database. a record last ~250 ka, with average precisions ranging ±0.6 °C interglacial ±2.4 glacial periods. Clumped analyses cave-hosted flowstones support temperatures based on gradients, while detection kinetic lead filtering clumped (?47) more coherent ?47-temperature relationships.